In the realization phase, the design - to be more precise, the concrete system architecture - was implemented in the Java programming language. In this phase, elementary parts of the system architecture (controllers, adaptors, and formatters as described in section 2) were incrementally implemented. These parts are termed components. All realized subsystems subsequently went through a component test. Based on the use cases, test data sets were created to test the subsystems' functionality.

In the integration phase, the tested components were then integrated into the electronic commerce portal. The completely integrated system was then subjected to a system and integration test. To do this, the test data sets used for the component test were extended, and new sets were created. After a successful system test, the electronic commerce portal was delivered to the client together with the user tutorial in the system delivery phase.

Figure 6. Integration and system test subprocess model.

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